A video that captured the brutal arrest of a Black college student pulled from his car and beaten by officers in Florida has led to an investigation and calls for motorists to consider protecting themselves by placing a camera inside their vehicles.
The footage shows that William McNeil Jr., 22, was sitting in the driver’s seat, asking to speak to the Jacksonville deputies’ supervisor, when authorities broke his window, punched him in the face, pulled him from the vehicle, punched him again and threw him to the ground.
I searched for “violence” in both citations and did not find this statement.
Refusing to ID (edit: if you’re stopped for a certain list of reasons, which includes “a traffic stop on the road” as probably the most unambiguous no-wiggle-room one of them) is an arrestable offence. Police do not need an arrest warrant if the crime is literally committed in front of them, to their face, and they’re allowed to use force to effect the arrest.
I think your degree in Bird Law needs updating. I’m not really interested in having an extended he-said-she-said about it, people can read the citations (or investigate the literally thousands of YouTube videos which depict examples of the “ID pls->no->get out->no->window break->ohmygawd->arrest” story arc), and decide what they want to believe about how it works.